Psychiatry Investig > Volume 16(12); 2019 > Article |
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The authors have no potential conflicts of interest to disclose.
Author Contributions
Conceptualization: Jae-Min Kim. Data curation: Hee-Ju Kang, Jae-Min Kim. Formal analysis: Eun-Hye Lee, Ju-Wan Kim, Hee-Ju Kang, SungWan Kim, Jae-Min Kim. Funding acquisition: Jae-Min Kim. Investigation: Eun-Hye Lee, Ju-Wan Kim, Hee-Ju Kang. Methodology: Sung-Wan Kim, Jae-Min Kim. Project administration: Jae-Min Kim, Ki-Hyun Cho. Resources: Man-Seok Park, Joon-Tae Kim, Ki-Hyun Cho. Software: Eun-Hye Lee, Ju-Wan Kim, Hee-Ju Kang. Supervision: Sung-Wan Kim, Jae-Min Kim. Validation: Sung-Wan Kim, Jae-Min Kim. Visualization: Eun-Hye Lee, Jae-Min Kim. Writing—original draft: Eun-Hye Lee, Jae-Min Kim. Writing—review & editing: Ju-Wan Kim, Hee-Ju Kang, Sung-Wan Kim, Jae-Min Kim.
Acute (2 weeks) |
Chronic (12 months) |
|||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
No PSA (N=396) | PSA (N=27) | p-value* | No PSA (N=276) | PSA (N=30) | p-value* | |
Age, mean (SD) years | 64.6 (10.1) | 62.4 (9.3) | 0.237 | 63.6 (9.8) | 64.3 (10.9) | 0.746 |
Gender, N (%) female | 159 (40.2) | 20 (74.1) | 0.001 | 109 (39.5) | 17 (56.7) | 0.069 |
Education, mean (SD) year | 8.6 (4.9) | 7.1 (4.6) | 0.113 | 8.8 (4.9) | 7.4 (5.2) | 0.176 |
Previous depression, N (%) | 13 (3.3) | 4 (14.8) | 0.003 | 9 (3.3) | 3 (10.0) | 0.071 |
Previous stroke, N (%) | 31 (7.8) | 4 (14.8) | 0.202 | 20 (7.2) | 5 (16.7) | 0.074 |
Stroke hemisphere, N (%) | ||||||
Left | 178 (44.9) | 15 (55.6) | 0.185 | 134 (48.6) | 13 (43.3) | 0.848 |
Right | 201 (50.8) | 9 (33.3) | 132 (47.8) | 16 (53.3) | ||
Bilateral | 17 (4.3) | 3 (11.1) | 10 (3.6) | 1 (3.3) | ||
Stroke location, N (%) | ||||||
Anterior | 216 (54.5) | 18 (66.7) | 0.126 | 152 (55.1) | 21 (70.0) | 0.272 |
Posterior | 146 (36.9) | 5 (18.5) | 103 (37.3) | 8 (26.7) | ||
Both | 34 (8.6) | 4 (14.8) | 21 (7.6) | 1 (3.3) | ||
Vascular risk/disease, N (%) | ||||||
Hypertension | 194 (49.0) | 13 (48.1) | 0.933 | 134 (48.6) | 17 (56.7) | 0.398 |
Diabetes | 110 (27.8) | 6 (22.2) | 0.531 | 76 (27.5) | 8 (26.7) | 0.919 |
Heart disease | 33 (8.3) | 3 (11.1) | 0.617 | 26 (9.4) | 2 (6.7) | 0.619 |
Hypercholesterolemia | 221 (55.8) | 15 (55.6) | 0.980 | 164 (59.4) | 15 (50.0) | 0.320 |
Body mass index, mean (SD) kg/m2 | 24.1 (2.8) | 24.3 (2.9) | 0.664 | 24.3 (2.8) | 23.8 (3.0) | 0.366 |
Smoking, N (%) current smoker | 66 (16.7) | 3 (11.1) | 0.127 | 52 (18.8) | 4 (13.3) | 0.706 |
Hamilton Depression Rating Scale at 2 weeks | 6.5 (5.2) | 18.0 (5.8) | <0.001 | 6.6 (5.3) | 11.6 (6.7) | <0.001 |
At 2 weeks |
At 1 year |
|||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
No PSA (N=396) | PSA (N=27) |
Point difference |
No PSA (N=276) | PSA (N=30) |
Point difference |
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t | p-value* | p-value† | t | p-value* | p-value† | |||||
National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale, mean (SD) | 2.1 (2.2) | 2.6 (3.2) | -0.835 | 0.411 | 0.253 | 1.0 (1.6) | 2.3 (2.5) | -3.816 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
Barthel Index, mean (SD) | 86.0 (18.7) | 81.3 (20.9) | 1.136 | 0.265 | 0.201 | 94.3 (12.3) | 78.5 (23.8) | 5.953 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
Mini-Mental State Examination, mean(SD) | 24.7 (4.1) | 22.8 (4.7) | 2.242 | 0.025 | 0.093 | 25.7 (4.2) | 22.0 (5.3) | 4.062 | <0.001 | <0.001 |