Psychiatry Investig > Volume 18(10); 2021 > Article |
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Availability of Data and Material
The Human Research Ethics Committee of National Cheng Kung University did not approve the authors to make the research data publicly available. Readers and all interested researchers may contact Prof. Satoshi Sugahara (Email: billionaire1210@gmail.com) or Dr. Dian-Jeng Li (E-mail: edcrfvm45@hotmail.com) for details.
The authors have no potential conflicts of interest to disclose.
Author Contributions
Conceptualization: Angela Lo, Vincent Shieh, Satoshi Sugahara, DianJeng Li. Data curation: Bang-Ook Jun, Clay M. Starlin. Formal analysis: Angela Lo, Vincent Shieh, Satoshi Sugahara, Dian-Jeng Li. Investigation: Angela Lo, Bang-Ook Jun. Methodology: Angela Lo, Bang-Ook Jun, Satoshi Sugahara, Dian-Jeng Li. Project administration: Angela Lo, Vincent Shieh. Writing—original draft: Angela Lo. Writing—review & editing: Vincent Shieh, Satoshi Sugahara, Dian-Jeng Li.
Funding Statement
None
Mean | Standard deviation | Homogeneity of variances | ANOVA F-value (p-value) | Post hoc (LSD) | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Social distance | 0.893a | 22.585 (<0.001)* | Jp>Tw>Kr | |||
Taiwan | 0.029 | 0.951 | ||||
Korea | -0.266 | 0.989 | ||||
Japan | 0.316 | 0.985 | ||||
Social anxiety | <0.001 | 61.680 (N.S.) | N.S. | |||
Taiwan | -0.485 | 1.057 | ||||
Korea | 0.264 | 0.803 | ||||
Japan | 0.290 | 0.916 | ||||
Social desirability | <0.001 | 202.128 (N.S.) | N.S. | |||
Taiwan | 0.458 | 0.721 | ||||
Korea | 0.244 | 0.833 | ||||
Japan | -0.931 | 0.908 | ||||
Social costs | 0.028 | 82.508 (N.S.) | N.S. | |||
Taiwan | 0.535 | 0.980 | ||||
Korea | -0.403 | 0.831 | ||||
Japan | -0.170 | 0.921 | ||||
Social adaptation | 0.732a | 14.154 (<0.001)* | Jp, Kr>Tw | |||
Taiwan | -0.245 | 1.005 | ||||
Korea | 0.153 | 0.972 | ||||
Japan | 0.120 | 0.972 | ||||
Social information | 0.401a | 14.757 (<0.001)* | Kr>Jp, Tw | |||
Taiwan | -0.160 | 0.992 | ||||
Korea | 0.248 | 0.934 | ||||
Japan | -0.118 | 1.035 |
Mean | Standard deviation | Homogeneity of variances | ANOVA F-value (p-value) | Post hoc (LSD) | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Social distance | 0.760a | 18.007 (<0.001)* | Jp>Tw>Kr | |||
Taiwan | 0.043 | 0.941 | ||||
Korea | -0.236 | 0.987 | ||||
Japan | 0.311 | 0.997 | ||||
Social anxiety | <0.001 | 52.015 (N.S.) | N.S. | |||
Taiwan | -0.468 | 1.073 | ||||
Korea | 0.253 | 0.788 | ||||
Japan | 0.290 | 0.888 | ||||
Social desirability | 0.001 | 190.049 (N.S.) | N.S. | |||
Taiwan | 0.464 | 0.730 | ||||
Korea | 0.245 | 0.832 | ||||
Japan | -0.953 | 0.911 | ||||
Social costs | 0.027 | 72.302 (N.S.) | N.S. | |||
Taiwan | 0.575 | 0.989 | ||||
Korea | -0.347 | 0.831 | ||||
Japan | -0.193 | 0.929 | ||||
Social adaptation | 0.562a | 13.603 (<0.001)* | Jp, Kr>Tw | |||
Taiwan | -0.271 | 0.972 | ||||
Korea | 0.127 | 1.005 | ||||
Japan | 0.134 | 0.977 | ||||
Social information | 0.544a | 13.042 (<0.001)* | Kr>Jp, Tw | |||
Taiwan | -0.136 | 0.992 | ||||
Korea | 0.283 | 0.952 | ||||
Japan | -0.079 | 1.036 |
Mean | Standard deviation | Homogeneity of variances | ANOVA F-value (p-value) | Post hoc (LSD) | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Social distance | 0.338a | 3.939 (0.023)* | Jp>Kr | |||
Taiwan | -0.079 | 1.023 | N.S. Jp=Tw | |||
Korea | -0.445 | 1.005 | N.S. Kr=Tw | |||
Japan | 0.392 | 0.812 | ||||
Social anxiety | 0.435a | 8.999 (<0.001)* | Kr, Jp>Tw | |||
Taiwan | -0.601 | 0.944 | ||||
Korea | 0.308 | 0.893 | ||||
Japan | 0.285 | 0.130 | ||||
Social desirability | 0.150a | 8.920 (<0.001)* | Tw, Kr>Jp | |||
Taiwan | 0.412 | 0.658 | ||||
Korea | 0.246 | 0.857 | ||||
Japan | -0.605 | 0.816 | ||||
Social costs | 0.840a | 17.321 (<0.001)* | Tw, Jp>Kr | |||
Taiwan | 0.251 | 0.874 | ||||
Korea | -0.776 | 0.744 | ||||
Japan | 0.172 | 0.750 | ||||
Social adaptation | 0.016 | 1.717 (N.S.) | N.S. | |||
Taiwan | -0.059 | 1.215 | ||||
Korea | 0.322 | 0.731 | ||||
Japan | -0.083 | 0.901 | ||||
Social information | 0.399a | 3.808 (0.026)* | Kr>Jp | |||
Taiwan | -0.329 | 0.984 | N.S. Tw=Kr | |||
Korea | 0.020 | 0.792 | N.S. Tw=Jp | |||
Japan | -0.705 | 0.852 |
Item | Mean | Standard deviation | Homogeneity of variances | ANOVA statistic (p-value) | Post hoc analysis | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Social distance | 0.044a | 23.770d (<0.001)* | Jp>Tw>Kre | |||
Taiwan | 0.149 | 0.850 | ||||
Korea | -0.282 | 0.998 | ||||
Japan | 0.454 | 0.717 | ||||
Social anxiety | <0.001a | 38.653d (<0.001)* | Kr, Jp>Twe | |||
Taiwan | -0.508 | 1.086 | N.S. Kr=Jpe | |||
Korea | 0.269 | 0.780 | ||||
Japan | 0.313 | 0.925 | ||||
Social desirability | 0.016a | 65.225d (<0.001)* | Tw>Kr>Jpe | |||
Taiwan | 0.458 | 0.665 | ||||
Korea | 0.257 | 0.775 | ||||
Japan | -0.737 | 0.770 | ||||
Social costs | 0.001a | 85.505d (<0.001)* | Tw>Jp>Kre | |||
Taiwan | 0.588 | 0.982 | ||||
Korea | -0.557 | 0.762 | ||||
Japan | 0.017 | 0.828 | ||||
Social adaptation | 0.609b | 7.411c (0.001)* | Kr>Tw, Jpf | |||
Taiwan | -0.258 | 0.959 | N.S. Tw=Jpf | |||
Korea | 0.082 | 0.913 | ||||
Japan | -0.237 | 0.817 | ||||
Social information | 0.250b | 23.426c (<0.001)* | Kr>Tw>Jpf | |||
Taiwan | -0.282 | 0.899 | ||||
Korea | 0.171 | 0.874 | ||||
Japan | -0.571 | 0.750 |
Item | Mean | Standard deviation | Homogeneity of variances | ANOVA statistic (p-value) | Post hoc analysis | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Social distance | 0.649a | 8.259b (<0.001)* | Jp>Tw, Krc | |||
Taiwan | -0.182 | 1.083 | N.S. Tw=Krc | |||
Korea | -0.230 | 0.980 | ||||
Japan | 0.255 | 1.078 | ||||
Social anxiety | 0.286a | 22.858b (<0.001)* | Kr, Jp>Twc | |||
Taiwan | -0.462 | 0.990 | N.S. Kr=Jpc | |||
Korea | 0.252 | 0.857 | ||||
Japan | 0.279 | 0.914 | ||||
Social desirability | 0.093a | 96.538b (<0.001)* | Tw, Kr>Jpc | |||
Taiwan | 0.455 | 0.818 | N.S. Tw=Krc | |||
Korea | 0.209 | 0.946 | ||||
Japan | -1.017 | 0.952 | ||||
Social costs | 0.611a | 16.512b (<0.001)* | Tw>Jp, Krc | |||
Taiwan | 0.428 | 0.973 | N.S. Jp=Krc | |||
Korea | -0.071 | 0.875 | ||||
Japan | -0.252 | 0.951 | ||||
Social adaptation | 0.782a | 8.836b (<0.001)* | Kr, Jp>Twc | |||
Taiwan | -0.232 | 1.087 | N.S. Kr=Jpc | |||
Korea | 0.294 | 1.080 | ||||
Japan | 0.277 | 0.995 | ||||
Social information | 0.984a | 3.332b (0.037)* | Tw, Jp>Krc | |||
Taiwan | 0.066 | 1.113 | N.S. Tw=Jpc | |||
Korea | 0.410 | 1.040 | ||||
Japan | 0.080 | 1.082 |