Psychiatry Investig > Volume 21(10); 2024 > Article |
|
Availability of Data and Material
The datasets generated and analyzed during the present study are not publicly available due to ethical considerations and privacy restrictions. However, the data can be made available by the corresponding author upon request, subject to approval by the Institutional Review Board of the Seoul National University Hospital, South Korea.
Conflicts of Interest
The authors have no potential conflicts of interest to disclose.
Author Contributions
Conceptualization: all authors. Data curation: So Yeon Jeon, Shin Hye Yoo, Jung Lee. Formal analysis: So Yeon Jeon, Shin Hye Yoo. Funding acquisition: So Yeon Jeon, Shin Hye Yoo, Hye Yoon Park. Investigation: all authors. Methodology: all authors. Validation: So Yeon Jeon, Shin Hye Yoo, Hye Yoon Park. Visualization: So Yeon Jeon, Shin Hye Yoo, Hye Yoon Park. Writing—original draft: So Yeon Jeon, Shin Hye Yoo. Writing—review & editing: all authors.
Funding Statement
This work was supported by the Patient-Centered Clinical Research Coordinating Center (PACEN), funded by the Ministry of Health and Welfare, Republic of Korea [grant number HC21C0115]; Seoul National University Hospital Research Fund [grant number 04-2020-0070]; Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF), funded by the Ministry of Education [grant number RS-2023-00210380]; and Chungnam National University Hospital.
Characteristics | GP (N=500) | Clinicians (N=200) | p |
---|---|---|---|
Age distribution (yr) | <0.001 | ||
20-29 | 89 (17.8) | 33 (16.5) | |
30-39 | 90 (18.0) | 129 (64.5) | |
40-49 | 110 (22.0) | 28 (14.0) | |
50-59 | 114 (22.8) | 9 (4.5) | |
≥60 | 97 (19.4) | 1 (0.5) | |
Sex (female) | 246 (49.2) | 91 (45.5) | 0.376 |
Presence of spouse | 288 (57.6) | 110 (55.0) | 0.530 |
Living with older adults (≥ 65 years) | 101 (20.2) | 23 (11.5) | 0.006 |
Living with a person with disability or having disability | 65 (13.0) | 11 (5.5) | 0.004 |
Experience of suffering from a disease or an accident (>1 month) | 111 (22.2) | 16 (8.0) | <0.001 |
Experience of a household member’s suffering from a disease or an accident (>1 month) | 104 (20.8) | 32 (16.0) | 0.147 |
Experience of bereavement | 216 (43.2) | 73 (36.5) | 0.104 |
Completion of AD (of self or a household member) | 48 (9.6) | 18 (9.0) | 0.806 |
Experience of participating in decision making on LST of family member (s) | 53 (10.6) | 18 (9.0) | 0.526 |
GP related factor | |||
Education | |||
High school or less | 75 (15.0) | ||
College or more | 425 (85.0) | ||
Household income (million won)* | |||
<4 | 197 (39.9) | ||
≥4 | 297 (60.1) | ||
Clinician related factor | |||
Clinical position | |||
Professor | 70 (35.0) | ||
Clinical fellow | 36 (18.0) | ||
Resident | 94 (47.0) | ||
Experience of care for patients with dementia | 109 (54.5) | ||
Experience of care for patients on mechanical ventilator | 140 (70.0) | ||
Experience of care for patients in the intensive care unit | 122 (61.0) | ||
Experience of decision making on LST | 150 (75.0) |
Characteristics | Able to withdraw (N=311) | Unable to withdraw (N=189) | p* |
---|---|---|---|
Age distribution (yr) | 0.001 | ||
20-29 (N=89) | 42 (47.2) | 47 (52.8) | |
30-39 (N=90) | 54 (60.0) | 36 (40.0) | |
40-49 (N=110) | 64 (58.2) | 46 (41.8) | |
50-59 (N=114) | 77 (67.5) | 37 (32.5) | |
≥60 (N=97) | 74 (76.3) | 23 (23.7) | |
Sex | 0.196 | ||
Male (N=254) | 165 (65.0) | 89 (35.0) | |
Female (N=246) | 146 (59.3) | 100 (40.7) | |
Presence of spouse | 0.003 | ||
Yes (N=288) | 195 (67.7) | 93 (32.3) | |
No (N=212) | 116 (54.7) | 96 (45.3) | |
Living with older adults (≥65 years) | 0.337 | ||
Yes (N=101) | 67 (66.3) | 34 (33.7) | |
No (N=399) | 244 (61.2) | 155 (38.8) | |
Living with a person with disability or having disability | 0.078 | ||
Yes (N=65) | 34 (52.3) | 31 (47.7) | |
No (N=435) | 277 (63.7) | 158 (36.3) | |
Experience of suffering from a disease or an accident (>1 month) | |||
Yes (N=111) | 67 (60.4) | 44 (39.6) | 0.650 |
No (N=389) | 244 (62.7) | 145 (37.3) | |
Experience of a household member’s suffering from a disease or an accident (>1 month) | 0.196 | ||
Yes (N=104) | 59 (56.7) | 45 (43.3) | |
No (N=396) | 252 (63.6) | 144 (36.4) | |
Experience of bereavement | 0.216 | ||
Yes (N=216) | 141 (65.3) | 75 (34.7) | |
No (N=284) | 170 (59.9) | 114 (40.1) | |
Completion of AD (of self or a household member) | 0.107 | ||
Yes (N=48) | 35 (72.9) | 13 (27.1) | |
No (N=452) | 276 (61.1) | 176 (38.9) | |
Experience of participating in decision making for LST of family member(s) | 0.363 | ||
Yes (N=53) | 36 (67.9) | 17 (32.1) | |
No (N=447) | 275 (61.5) | 172 (38.5) | |
Education | 0.167 | ||
High school or less (N=75) | 52 (69.3) | 23 (30.7) | |
College or more (N=425) | 259 (60.9) | 166 (39.1) | 0.025 |
Household income (million won)† | |||
<4 (N=197) | 111 (56.3) | 86 (43.7) | |
≥4 (N=297) | 197 (66.3) | 100 (33.7) |
Characteristics | Able to withhold (N=402) | Unable to withhold (N=98) | p* |
---|---|---|---|
Age distribution (yr) | 0.011 | ||
20-29 (N=89) | 61 (68.5) | 28 (31.5) | |
30-39 (N=90) | 73 (81.1) | 17 (18.9) | |
40-49 (N=110) | 86 (78.2) | 24 (21.8) | |
50-59 (N=114) | 97 (85.1) | 17 (14.9) | |
≥60 (N=97) | 85 (87.6) | 12 (12.4) | |
Sex | 0.618 | ||
Male (N=254) | 202 (79.5) | 52 (20.5) | |
Female (N=246) | 200 (81.3) | 46 (18.7) | |
Presence of spouse | <0.001 | ||
Yes (N=288) | 247 (85.8) | 41 (14.2) | |
No (N=212) | 155 (73.1) | 57 (26.9) | |
Living with older adults (≥65 years) | 0.057 | ||
Yes (N=101) | 88 (87.1) | 13 (12.9) | |
No (N=399) | 314 (78.7) | 85 (21.3) | |
Living with a person with disability or having disability | 0.154 | ||
Yes (N=65) | 48 (73.8) | 17 (26.2) | |
No (N=435) | 354 (81.4) | 81 (18.6) | |
Experience of suffering from a disease or an accident (>1 month) | 0.947 | ||
Yes (N=111) | 89 (80.2) | 22 (19.8) | |
No (N=389) | 313 (80.5) | 76 (19.5) | |
Experience of the household member’s suffering from a disease or an accident (>1 month) | 0.701 | ||
Yes (N=104) | 85 (81.7) | 19 (18.3) | |
No (N=396) | 317 (80.1) | 79 (19.9) | |
Experience of bereavement | 0.324 | ||
Yes (N=216) | 178 (82.4) | 38 (17.6) | |
No (N=284) | 224 (78.9) | 60 (21.1) | |
Completion of AD (of self or a household member) | 0.357 | ||
Yes (N=48) | 41 (85.4) | 7 (14.6) | |
No (N=452) | 361 (79.9) | 91 (20.1) | |
Experience of participating in decision making for LST of family member (s) | 0.611 | ||
Yes (N=53) | 44 (83.0) | 9 (17.0) | |
No (N=447) | 358 (80.1) | 89 (19.9) | |
Education | 0.298 | ||
High school or less (N=75) | 57 (76.0) | 18 (24.0) | |
College or more (N=425) | 345 (81.2) | 80 (18.8) | |
Household income (million won)† | 0.013 | ||
<4 (N=197) | 148 (75.1) | 49 (24.9) | |
≥4 (N=297) | 250 (84.2) | 47 (15.8) |