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Psychiatry Investig > Volume 22(1); 2025 > Article |
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Availability of Data and Material
The datasets generated or analyzed during the study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.
Conflicts of Interest
The authors have no potential conflicts of interest to disclose.
Author Contributions
Conceptualization: Jung Yeon Moon, Seoyoung Yoon. Data curation: Seong Yoon Kim, Seungheon Yang. Formal analysis: Jung Yeon Moon, Seoyoung Yoon. Investigation: all authors. Methodology: Jung Yeon Moon, Seoyoung Yoon. Resources: all authors. Supervision: Seoyoung Yoon. Validation: Jung Yeon Moon, Seoyoung Yoon. Visualization: Jung Yeon Moon, Seoyoung Yoon. Writing—original draft: Jung Yeon Moon. Writing—review & editing: Seoyoung Yoon.
Funding Statement
None
All patients |
Depressed group |
Other diagnosis group |
||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Total | Male | Female | p | Total | Male | Female | p | Total | Male | Female | p | |
Number of patients | 209 | 92 (44.02) | 117 (55.98) | 98 | 33 (33.67) | 65 (66.33) | 111 | 59 (53.15) | 52 (46.85) | |||
Age (yr) | 48.70±21.44 | 44.54±21.37 | 51.97±21.01 | 0.01* | 49.24±22.45 | 44.58±23.16 | 51.62±21.88 | 0.14 | 48.22±20.59 | 44.53±20.51 | 52.40±20.06 | 0.04* |
PHQ-9 (score) | 13.41±8.26 | 13.08±8.18 | 13.79±8.29 | 0.53 | 16.14±7.24 | 16.52±6.93 | 16.20±7.21 | 0.84 | 10.88±8.42 | 11.15±8.24 | 10.79±8.64 | 0.82 |
K-GMDS (score) | 15.91±9.71 | 15.79±9.71 | 16.00±9.75 | 0.88 | 18.91±8.52 | 20.82±8.81 | 17.94±8.27 | 0.11 | 13.26±9.96 | 12.98±9.10 | 13.58±10.94 | 0.76 |
Diagnosis | Total (N=209) | Male (N=92) | Female (N=117) |
---|---|---|---|
Neurodevelopmental disorders | 8 | 4 | 4 |
Bipolar and related disorders | 6 | 3 | 3 |
Depressive disorders | 98 | 33 | 65 |
Anxiety disorders | 29 | 16 | 13 |
Obsessive-compulsive and related disorders | 3 | 2 | 1 |
Trauma-and stressor-related disorders | 22 | 14 | 8 |
Dissociative disorders | 1 | 0 | 1 |
Somatic symptom and related disorders | 7 | 1 | 6 |
Feeding and eating disorders | 1 | 0 | 1 |
Sleep-wake disorders | 9 | 8 | 1 |
Disruptive, impulse-control, and conduct disorders | 2 | 2 | 0 |
Substance-related and addictive disorders | 7 | 6 | 1 |
Other mental disorders and additional codes* | 16 | 3 | 13 |
* “other mental disorders and additional codes” includes patients who were referred for psychiatric consultation while hospitalized in other departments, such as those who experienced delirium but showed improvement upon presenting to the psychiatric outpatient clinic, or those who visited for pre-transplantation evaluations. While some of these patients exhibited mild symptoms such as insomnia, they did not meet the criteria for any specific DSM-5 diagnosis at the time of their psychiatric evaluation. Additionally, this category includes patients who presented with subjective cognitive decline but did not meet the diagnostic criteria for Mild Cognitive Impairment or Neurocognitive Disorders, and thus were categorized here. DSM-5, Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-Fifth Edition
Total | Male | Female | |
---|---|---|---|
K-GMDS | 0.675 | 0.732 | 0.643 |
PHQ-9 | 0.688 | 0.696 | 0.685 |
p (AUC difference) | 0.58 | 0.27 | 0.21 |
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