Psychiatry Investig > Volume 20(5); 2023 > Article |
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Availability of Data and Material
The datasets generated or analyzed during the study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.
Conflicts of Interest
Yean-Hwa Lee, one of authors, declares the potential conflicts of interests as a chief executive officer (CEO) of SY Inotech which develops IoTbased evaluation system and virtual reality programs. All remaining authors have declared no conflicts of interest.
Author Contributions
Conceptualization: Hyun Ju Lim, Eunsoo Moon. Data curation: Hyun Ju Lim, Eunsoo Moon, Hwagyu Suh, Jeonghyun Park, Yean-Hwa Lee. Formal analysis: Hyun Ju Lim. Investigation: Hyun Ju Lim, Eunsoo Moon, Kyungwon Kim, Hwagyu Suh, Jeonghyun Park, Du-Ri Kim. Methodology: Eunsoo Moon, Jong-Hwan Park, Myung-Jun Shin. Project administration: Eunsoo Moon. Resources: Eunsoo Moon, Yean-Hwa Lee. Software: Hyun Ju Lim. Supervision: Eunsoo Moon. Validation: Jong-Hwan Park, Myung- Jun Shin. Visualization: Hyun Ju Lim. Writing—original draft: Hyun Ju Lim, Eunsoo Moon. Writing—review & editing: Kyungwon Kim, Hwagyu Suh, Jeonghyun Park, Du-Ri Kim, Jong-Hwan Park, Myung-Jun Shin, Yean-Hwa Lee.
Funding Statement
This research was financially supported by the Ministry of Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs) and Startups (MSS), Korea, under the “Regional Specialized Industry Development Plus Program (R&D)” supervised by the Korea Institute for Advancement of Technology (KIAT) (Grant Number: S3086077).
Variables | Subjects (N=293) |
---|---|
Age (yr) | 32.5±5.1 |
Current pregnant state | 121 (41.3) |
Experience of delivery | 76 (25.3) |
One | 61 (20.8) |
Two | 13 (4.4) |
More than three | 2 (0.7) |
Premenstrual syndrome | 74 (25.3) |
PHQ-9 | 6.7±5.9 |
GAD-7 | 3.9±4.4 |
PSS | 28.7±4.7 |
WHOQOL-BREF | 53.1±10.0 |
EPDS* | 10.4±6.5 |
Cluster 1 (N=103) | Cluster 2 (N=46) | Cluster 3 (N=144) | F | p | post hoc | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Current pregnant state | 49 (40.5) | 16 (13.2) | 56 (46.3) | 2.823 | 0.244 | - |
Experience of delivery | 19 (18.4) | 16 (34.8) | 41 (28.5) | 10.656 | 0.100 | - |
Premenstrual syndrome | 16 (15.5) | 20 (43.5) | 38 (26.4) | 13.346 | 0.001 | - |
PHQ-9 | 3.7±4.4 | 17.4±12.2 | 7.5±5.4 | 66.956 | <0.001 | 2>3>1 |
GAD-7 | 1.5±2.7 | 11.5±8.4 | 4.5±3.9 | 74.274 | <0.001 | 2>3>1 |
PSS | 32.0±15.3 | 35.1±14.4 | 34.8±19.2 | 0.939 | 0.392 | - |
WHOQOL-BREF | 74.8±31.7 | 43.3±25.1 | 65.5±40.0 | 12.717 | <0.001 | 1>3>2 |
EPDS* | 5.1±4.6 | 17.6±9.3 | 11.2±6.7 | 61.759 | <0.001 | 2>3>1 |
PHQ-9 cutoff score ≥8 | 14 (13.6) | 41 (89.1) | 62 (43.1) | 76.797 | <0.001 | - |
PHQ-9 cutoff score ≥11 | 6 (5.8) | 33 (71.7) | 32 (22.2) | 75.870 | <0.001 | - |
GAD-7 cutoff score ≥5 | 10 (9.7) | 40 (87.0) | 60 (41.7) | 82.977 | <0.001 | - |
GAD-7 cutoff score ≥15 | 1 (1.0) | 12 (26.1) | 3 (2.1) | 45.112 | <0.001 | - |